tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72940889840187331472024-03-06T05:51:28.484+01:00NanomagnA blog dedicated to recent publications in the field of Nanomagnetism. A selection of links to articles in the most important topics of magnetism of nanoparticles and nanostructures will appear here in a regular basis.
Comments and discussion about the results will be welcome.Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.comBlogger703125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-35217317058903639882020-02-24T17:01:00.003+01:002020-02-24T17:09:59.087+01:00Helicity control in magnetic nanotubesTailoring dual reversal modes by helicity control in ferromagnetic nanotubes.<br /><i>H. D. Salinas, J. Restrepo, and Òscar Iglesias</i><div>
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054419">Phys. Rev. B 101, 054419 (2020)</a><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054419/figures/5/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="484" data-original-width="500" height="309" src="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054419/figures/5/medium" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">Magnetic configurations along the hysteresis loops for the different reversal modes displayed in Fig. </span><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054419#f4" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #3294d8; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: inherit; text-align: left; text-decoration-line: none;">4</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> (left and right columns correspond to panels (a) and (c) of that figure). Upper panels represent the height profiles of the quantities </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; white-space: pre;">⟨</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; white-space: pre;">θ</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">⟩</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">,</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">⟨</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">m</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">z</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">⟩,</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> and </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;"><</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">m</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">ϕ</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-size1-R, MJXc-TeX-size1-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">⟩ </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> averaged per layer for the tube (8,15) and</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">γ</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">0.035</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">, whereas lower ones present snapshots of the spin configurations taken at points labeled in Fig. </span><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.054419#f4" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #3294d8; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">4</a><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">.</span></div>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-86247750721378979742020-02-24T16:56:00.002+01:002020-02-24T16:56:43.116+01:00Hopfions and all that in magnetsSkyrmion Knots in Frustrated Magnets<br /><i>Paul Sutcliffe</i><a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.247203">Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 247203 (2017)</a><div>
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Static Hopf Solitons and Knotted Emergent Fields in Solid-State Noncentrosymmetric</div>
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Magnetic Nanostructures.</div>
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<i>Jung-Shen B. Tai and Ivan I. Smalyukh</i></div>
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.187201">Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 187201 (2018)</a><br />
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Binding a hopfion in a chiral magnet nanodisk.</div>
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<i>Yizhou Liu, Roger K. Lake, and Jiadong Zang</i></div>
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<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.174437">Phys. Rev. B 98, 174437 (2018)</a></div>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-25703334529215630152019-12-26T07:55:00.001+01:002020-01-05T07:45:42.544+01:00Advances in artificial spin ice: ReviewAdvances in artificial spin ice.<br />
<i>Sandra H. Skjærvø, Christopher H. Marrows, Robert L. Stamps & Laura J. Heyderman</i><br />
<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-019-0118-3#citeas">Nature Reviews Physics (2019)</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="figure6" height="255" src="https://media-springernature-com.sire.ub.edu/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs42254-019-0118-3/MediaObjects/42254_2019_118_Fig6_HTML.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Discoveries will be driven by inspiration for new designs. The new designs will require the development of methods to manufacture them and to measure their dynamics. In this way, it will be possible to identify, characterize and control the emergent phenomena that will lead to new functionality in artificial spin ice. </span></span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-28726538245051337402019-12-24T06:55:00.001+01:002020-01-05T07:49:55.283+01:00Van der Waals engineering of magnetism<div style="text-align: justify;">
Van der Waals engineering of magnetism</div>
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<i>Ji-Hui Yang, Hongjun Xiang</i></div>
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<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-019-0524-z">Nature Materials 18, 1273 (2019)</a></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="figure1" height="305" src="https://media-springernature-com.sire.ub.edu/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41563-019-0524-z/MediaObjects/41563_2019_524_Fig1_HTML.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-weight: bolder;">a</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, Top and side view of monoclinic stacking with the antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling under zero pressure </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Lora, Palatino, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: start;">P</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">. The green (purple) atoms represent the Cr atoms in the top (bottom) layer, and the brown ones represent the I atoms. Black arrows represent the spin direction. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-weight: bolder;">b</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">, Same for rhombohedral stacking with the ferromagnetic interlayer coupling under a certain pressure, represented by the red arrows. hBN, hexagonal boron nitride.</span></span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-71052335257028835352019-12-24T06:50:00.001+01:002020-01-05T07:39:17.704+01:00Exchange-bias feature in core-shell nanoparticlesOn the first evidence of exchange-bias feature in magnetically contrasted consolidates made from CoFe 2 O 4 -CoO core-shell nanoparticles.<br />
<i>Nancy Flores-Martinez, Giulia Franceschin, Thomas Gaudisson, Sonia Haj-Khlifa, Sarra Gam Derouich, Nader Yaacoub, Jean-Marc Grenèche, Nicolas Menguy, Raul Valenzuela & Souad Ammar</i><br />
<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-55649-y">Scientific Reports 9, 19468 (2019)</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="figure4" height="157" src="https://media-springernature-com.sire.ub.edu/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-019-55649-y/MediaObjects/41598_2019_55649_Fig4_HTML.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Thermal variation of the saturation and remanent magnetizations (</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-weight: bolder;">a</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">) and that of the coercive and exchange magnetic fields (</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-weight: bolder;">b</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">) of CFO-CO ceramic, as inferred from its FC hysteresis loops (cooling field of 7 T) recorded at different temperatures.</span></span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-12382818736465508802019-12-24T06:47:00.000+01:002020-01-05T07:50:45.218+01:00Ferromagnetic excess moments and apparent exchange bias in FeF 2<span style="font-family: inherit;">Ferromagnetic excess moments and apparent exchange bias in FeF2 single crystals </span><br />
<i><span style="font-family: inherit;">D. C. Joshi, P. Nordblad, R. Mathieu</span></i><br />
<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-55142-6#Sec5"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Scientific Reports 9, 18884 (2019)</span></a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="figure1" height="170" src="https://media-springernature-com.sire.ub.edu/lw685/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41598-019-55142-6/MediaObjects/41598_2019_55142_Fig1_HTML.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">Temperature dependence of (</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-weight: bolder;">a</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">) magnetization M under FC in a magnetic field of H = 5 Oe, and (</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif; font-weight: bolder;">b</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">) thermo-remnant magnetization (TRM) measured along perpendicular (</span><span class="stix" style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">⊥</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">c), 45° and parallel to </span><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Lora, Palatino, Times, "Times New Roman", serif; text-align: start;">c</i><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;">-axis (||c) of the FeF</span><span style="background-color: white; bottom: -0.25em; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">2</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> circular disc. The inset shows a photograph of the top view (along the c-axis) of the FeF</span><span style="background-color: white; bottom: -0.25em; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;">2</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "lora" , "palatino" , "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"> single crystal used in experiment.</span></span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-58869820792609855712019-12-20T12:32:00.001+01:002020-01-05T07:52:01.215+01:00Spin Waves Revealed with X-Ray Vision<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Spin Waves Revealed with X-Ray Vision</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Christopher Crockett</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://physics.aps.org/synopsis-for/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.214416">Physics - Synopsis</a></span><br />
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<a href="https://cdn-journals-aps-org.sire.ub.edu/journals/PHYSICS/synopses/images/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.214416" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img alt="Synopsis figure" border="0" height="160" src="https://cdn-journals-aps-org.sire.ub.edu/journals/PHYSICS/synopses/images/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.214416" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Direct observation of coherent magnons with suboptical wavelengths in a
single-crystalline ferrimagnetic insulator</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><i>J. Förster, J. Gräfe, J. Bailey, S. Finizio, N. Träger, F. Groß, S. Mayr, H. Stoll, C. Dubs, O. Surzhenko, N. Liebing, G. Woltersdorf, J. Raabe, M. Weigand, G. Schütz, and S. Wintz</i></span></div>
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<span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #470a68; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: inherit;"><a href="https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.214416" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #470a68; line-height: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">Phys. Rev. B <span style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: inherit;">100</span>, 214416 (2019)</a></span></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Figure 2" height="310" src="https://journals-aps-org.sire.ub.edu/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.214416/figures/2/medium" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="320" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; text-align: left;">Schematics of the sample architecture and measurement setup. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; text-align: left;">(a) Direct x-ray intensity image of the sample's transmission window. The central dark horizontal stripe is the antenna. (b) Single time frame of the time-resolved measurement with dynamical normalization that emphasizes the spin waves over the static background. Grayscale values represent the changes of the out-of-plane magnetization component. (c) Result of time-domain Fourier analysis, showing amplitude and phase of the waves in HSV (hue-saturation-value) color space (color code above the image).</span></span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-68850025026419420322019-11-28T05:21:00.004+01:002020-01-05T07:52:25.970+01:00The Heat in Antiferromagnetic Switching<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">The Heat in Antiferromagnetic Switching</span><br />
<i><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">Barry Zink</span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://physics.aps.org/articles/v12/134">Physics 12, 134 (2019)</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><br />Absence of Evidence of Electrical Switching of the Antiferromagnetic Néel Vector<br /><i>C. C. Chiang, S. Y. Huang, D. Qu, P. H. Wu, and C. L. Chien</i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.227203">Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 227203 (2019)</a></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Figure 1" height="320" src="https://journals-aps-org.sire.ub.edu/prl/article/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.227203/figures/1/medium" style="background-color: transparent; font-size: 12.8px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: justify;" width="300" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Schematics of the eight-terminal patterned structure with the pulsed writing current along the 45° (write 1) and the 135° (write 2) lines for (a) planar Hall and (b) longitudinal resistance measurements. Relative changes of Hall resistance </span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in (c) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">Pt</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">NiO</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">Si</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> and (e) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">Pt</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">NiO</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">glass</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"> and relative change of longitudinal resistance </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">in (d) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">Pt</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">NiO</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">Si </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">and (f) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">Pt</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">NiO</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">/</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif; white-space: pre;">glass</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">, after applying 10-ms writing current pulses alternately along the 45° and the</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif;"> 135° lines.</span></span></div>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Figure caption" height="170" src="https://physics.aps.org/assets/1465ed0e-4cb4-4306-b31d-5d4586a2b6f3/e134_2_medium.png" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span class="" data-full-caption="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">(Left) Platinum (Pt) strips grown on antiferromagnetic nickel oxide (NiO) films convert charge current to spin current, which is intended to switch the pointing direction of the insulating NiO’s spins. The switching is observed via a sawtooth voltage pattern. However, the Pt heats dramatically when the current is applied and (right) this heating reproduces the sawtooth pattern even when no antiferromagnet is present.</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span></span></span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-53284231536969660052019-06-21T07:53:00.000+02:002020-01-05T07:57:15.402+01:00Microtubes with radial magnetizationMagnetization reversal and local switching fields of ferromagnetic Co/Pd microtubes with radial magnetization<br />
<i>Norbert Puwenberg, Christopher F. Reiche, Robert Streubel, Mishal Khan, Dipankar Mukherjee, Ivan V. Soldatov, Michael Melzer, Oliver G. Schmidt, Bernd Büchner, Thomas Mühl</i><br />
<div>
<a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.094438">Phys. Rev. B 99, 094438 (2019)</a><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img alt="Figure 6" height="220" src="https://journals-aps-org.sire.ub.edu/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.094438/figures/6/medium" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sketch of the extreme case where the MFM tip oscillates parallel to the local microtube surface (</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: , ,; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">ϕ</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: ,; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">=</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: ,; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">90</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: ,; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">∘</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">) with two different simplified magnetic domain configurations. (a) For domain walls parallel to the tip oscillation direction, no MFM signal is expected due to vanishing magnetostatic force </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: , ,; font-size: x-small; white-space: pre;">z</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: x-small;">-component. (b) Domain walls perpendicular to the tip oscillation direction cause a detectable MFM sig</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "helvetica neue" , "helvetica" , "roboto" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">nal.</span></div>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-24641009112852156842017-09-07T12:22:00.001+02:002017-09-07T12:26:17.338+02:00Standardisation of magnetic NPsStandardisation of magnetic nanoparticles in liquid suspension.<br />
<div class="small art-list-item-meta">
<i>James Wells, Olga Kazakova, Oliver
Posth, Uwe Steinhoff, Sarunas Petronis, Lara K Bogart, Paul Southern,
Quentin Pankhurst and Christer Johansson</i></div>
<br />
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa7fa5">J. Appl. Phys. D 50, 383003 (2017)</a><br />
<br />
Results of the NanoMag European FP7 project that aims to standardize, improve and redefine analysis methods for magnetic nanoparticles.<br />
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<a href="http://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0022-3727/50/38/383003/Full/daa7fa5f01_online.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0022-3727/50/38/383003/Full/daa7fa5f01_online.jpg" data-original-height="136" data-original-width="235" /></a></div>
<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-86285013541011304272017-09-04T09:11:00.001+02:002017-09-06T07:43:45.688+02:00The 2017 Magnetism RoadmapThe 2017 Magnetism Roadmap<br />
<i>Several authors</i><br />
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa81a1">J. Appl. Phys. D 50, 363001 (2017)</a><br />
<br />
An update of the previously publish Magnetism Roadmap in 2014, now covering the following topics written by experts in the respective fields:<br />
1. Atomic scale confinement effects in spin textures<br />2. Two-dimensional materials<br />3. Novel magnetic materials with curved geometries<br />4. Skyrmions and topological defects in magnetic materials<br />5. First-order magnetic phase transitions and nanoscale phase coexistence<br />6. Advances in magnetic characterization<br />7. Magneto-optics<br />8. Magneto-plasmonics<br />9. Ultrafast magnetisation dynamics (toward ultrafast spintronics)<br />10. Magnonic transport<br />11. Non-volatile memory and information storage<br />12. Antiferromagnetic spintronics<br />13. Magnets for energy applications<br />14. Magnetophoretic technology<br />
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<a href="http://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0022-3727/50/36/363001/Full/daa81a1f05_online.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0022-3727/50/36/363001/Full/daa81a1f05_online.jpg" data-original-height="221" data-original-width="235" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0022-3727/50/36/363001/Full/daa81a1f23_online.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://cdn.iopscience.com/images/0022-3727/50/36/363001/Full/daa81a1f23_online.jpg" data-original-height="201" data-original-width="445" height="144" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-58398064113079803832017-08-02T11:47:00.002+02:002017-08-02T11:49:02.881+02:00Drug releasing nanoplatforms activated by alternating magnetic fields: ReviewDrug releasing nanoplatforms activated by alternating magnetic fields.<br />
<i>Damien Mertz, Olivier Sandre, Sylvie Bégin-Colin</i><br />
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.02.025">Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1861, 1617 (2017)</a><br />
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-52453778465649760712017-08-02T10:22:00.000+02:002017-08-02T10:23:26.403+02:00Techniques in micromagnetic simulation and analysisTechniques in micromagnetic simulation and analysis.<br />
<i>D Kumar and A O Adeyeye</i><br />
<div>
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa7c04">J. Phys. D 50, 343001 (2017)</a><br />
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<i></i></div>
Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-47371350405181450372017-07-28T13:47:00.003+02:002017-08-02T10:45:04.452+02:00Tuning EB by control of interface couplingTuning the coercivity and exchange bias by controlling the interface coupling in bimagnetic core/shell nanoparticles.<br />
<i>Gabriel C. Lavorato, Enio Lima, Jr., Horacio E. Troiani, Roberto D. Zysler and Elin L. Winkler</i><br />
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7NR03740F">Nanoscale 9, 10240 (2017)</a><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Image/Get?imageInfo.ImageType=GA&imageInfo.ImageIdentifier.ManuscriptID=C7NR03740F" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Image/Get?imageInfo.ImageType=GA&imageInfo.ImageIdentifier.ManuscriptID=C7NR03740F" data-original-height="138" data-original-width="378" height="116" width="320" /></a></div>
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<i> </i>Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-87379166476471032262017-07-28T13:36:00.000+02:002017-07-28T13:36:08.342+02:00Magneto-thermal capabilities of NP ReviewRecent advances of magneto-thermal capabilities of nanoparticles: From design principles to biomedical applications.<br />
<br />
<i>Seung-hyun Noh, Seung Ho Moon, Tae-Hyun Shin, Yongjun Lim, Jinwoo Cheon</i><br />
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2017.02.006">Nano Today 13, 61 (2017)</a><br />
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<a href="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1748013216304911-gr1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1748013216304911-gr1.jpg" data-original-height="482" data-original-width="659" height="234" width="320" /></a></div>
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-16079799316710557022017-07-28T09:28:00.001+02:002019-02-13T09:20:31.678+01:00Direct Observation of Interactions between Nanoparticles and Nanoparticle Self-Assembly in SolutionDirect Observation of Interactions between Nanoparticles and Nanoparticle Self-Assembly in Solution.<br />
<i>Shu Fen Tan, See Wee Chee, Guanhua Lin, and Utkur Mirsaidov</i><a href="http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00063">Acc. Chem. Res., 50, 1303 (2017)</a><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/achre4/2017/achre4.2017.50.issue-6/acs.accounts.7b00063/20170614/images/medium/ar-2017-00063b_0009.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="138" data-original-width="500" height="88" src="https://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/achre4/2017/achre4.2017.50.issue-6/acs.accounts.7b00063/20170614/images/medium/ar-2017-00063b_0009.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-49403371675794655232017-07-28T09:11:00.002+02:002019-02-13T09:12:04.022+01:00Influence of atomic lattice order on crystallinity of NP and their properties when a assembledImpact of the Metallic Crystalline Structure on the Properties of Nanocrystals and Their Mesoscopic Assemblies.<br />
<i>Marie-Paule Pileni</i><br />
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00093">Accounts of Chemical Research ASAP (2017)</a><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/achre4/2017/achre4.2017.50.issue-8/acs.accounts.7b00093/20170809/images/medium/ar-2017-000938_0011.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="418" height="320" src="https://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/achre4/2017/achre4.2017.50.issue-8/acs.accounts.7b00093/20170809/images/medium/ar-2017-000938_0011.gif" width="267" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The relation between structural atomic lattice and the degree of crystallinity of NP is nicely demonstrated here. Moreover, properties (mechanical, growth processes) of supracrystals also change with the nanocrystallinity of the nanoparticles used as building blocks.</td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-39026894922578870152017-07-27T10:38:00.000+02:002017-08-02T10:41:01.359+02:00Surface spin canting probed by EELS<div style="text-align: justify;">
Surface spin canting in Fe3O4 and CoFe2O4 NP probed by high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy.</div>
<i>D. S. Negi, H. Sharona, U. Bhat, S. Palchoudhury, A. Gupta, and R. Datta</i><br />
<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.174444">Phys. Rev. B 95, 174444 (2017)</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.174444/figures/10/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="430" data-original-width="500" height="275" src="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.174444/figures/10/medium" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Experimental L3 spectra of CFO recorded (a) and (c) at room temperature and (b) and (d) at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) for Fe and Co atoms, respectively. The spectra from core and edge of nanoparticles are colored with green and red, respectively. Dominating features from Td and Oh atomic sites are marked. Kindly note the fine features are only sharper for Co atoms, but not for Fe atoms, suggesting possible formation of uniformly oriented spin canting configuration for Fe atoms but core-shell morphology for Co atoms.</span></td></tr>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-27842196169362296122017-07-26T10:46:00.000+02:002017-08-02T10:48:02.301+02:00Rev. Mod. Phys. 89, 025006 (2017) - Interface-induced phenomena in magnetismInterface-induced phenomena in magnetism.<br />
<i>Frances Hellman et al.</i><a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.89.025006">Rev. Mod. Phys. 89, 025006 (2017)</a><br />
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<a href="https://journals.aps.org/rmp/article/10.1103/RevModPhys.89.025006/figures/1/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="317" data-original-width="500" height="202" src="https://journals.aps.org/rmp/article/10.1103/RevModPhys.89.025006/figures/1/medium" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-48698887462003193832017-07-24T17:52:00.003+02:002017-07-24T17:53:30.114+02:00Spins in 3D with X Rays<div style="text-align: justify;">
Three-dimensional magnetization structures revealed with X-ray vector nanotomography.<i><i>Claire Donnelly, Manuel Guizar-Sicairos, Valerio Scagnoli, Sebastian Gliga, Mirko Holler, Jörg Raabe & Laura J. Heyderman</i></i></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature23006">Nature 547, 328 (2017)</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v547/n7663/images/nature23006-f3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v547/n7663/images/nature23006-f3.jpg" data-original-height="386" data-original-width="800" height="154" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
Imaging techniques: X-rays used to watch spins in 3D.<br /><i>Peter Fischer</i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/547290a">Nature 547, 290–291 (2017)</a></div>
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<a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v547/n7663/images/547290a-f1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v547/n7663/images/547290a-f1.jpg" data-original-height="262" data-original-width="800" height="104" width="320" /></a></div>
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Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-57976684923418130222017-07-21T17:03:00.000+02:002017-07-21T17:05:47.399+02:00Temperature-Induced Increase of Spin Spiral PeriodsTemperature-Induced Increase of Spin Spiral Periods.<br />
<i>Aurore Finco, Levente Rózsa, Pin-Jui Hsu, André Kubetzka, Elena Vedmedenko, Kirsten von Bergmann, and Roland Wiesendanger</i><br />
<a href="https://dx.doi.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.037202">Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 037202 (2017)</a><br />
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<a href="https://journals.aps.org/prl/article/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.037202/figures/2/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="357" height="320" src="https://journals.aps.org/prl/article/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.037202/figures/2/medium" width="226" /></a></div>
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-10683704400788069382017-07-21T16:54:00.001+02:002017-08-02T11:53:43.288+02:00Relativistic Zitterbewegung in magnonsMagnonic analog of relativistic Zitterbewegung in an antiferromagnetic spin chain.<br />
<i>Weiwei Wang, Chenjie Gu, Yan Zhou, and Hans Fangohr</i><br />
<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024430">Phys. Rev. B 96, 024430 (2017)</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024430/figures/3/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="348" data-original-width="500" height="222" src="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024430/figures/3/medium" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">(a) A positive wave packet and a negative packet that both have positive wave vector move in different directions. The amplitude <span class="aps-inline-formula" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-14-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-117" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-118" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-119" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-120" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-family: ,; padding-bottom: 0.604em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">|</span></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-121" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-family: , ,; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">ψ</span></span><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-122" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-family: ,; padding-bottom: 0.604em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">|</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> is used for plotting. (b) Two positive wave packets with different wave vectors move toward each other too. (c) The normalized average position <span class="aps-inline-formula" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-15-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-123" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-124" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-125" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-126" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-family: ,; padding-bottom: 0.604em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">⟨</span></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-127" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-family: , ,; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-right: 0.005em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">ξ</span></span><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-128" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box; display: block; font-family: ,; padding-bottom: 0.604em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">⟩</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> as a function of time for the two cases.</span></div>
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-30400390450564059532017-07-21T16:46:00.001+02:002017-07-21T16:47:00.029+02:00Relativistic theory of magnetic inertia in ultrafast spin dynamicsRelativistic theory of magnetic inertia in ultrafast spin dynamics.<br />
<i>Ritwik Mondal, Marco Berritta, Ashis K. Nandy, and Peter M. Oppeneer</i><br />
<a href="https://dx.doi.org//10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024425">Phys. Rev. B 96, 024425 (2017)</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024425/figures/1/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="356" data-original-width="500" height="226" src="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024425/figures/1/medium" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Schematic illustration of magnetization dynamics. The precessional motion of </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-BI, MJXc-TeX-math-BIx, MJXc-TeX-math-BIw; font-size: xx-small; white-space: pre; word-spacing: normal;">M</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">around </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-BI, MJXc-TeX-math-BIx, MJXc-TeX-math-BIw; font-size: xx-small; white-space: pre; word-spacing: normal;">H</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; font-size: xx-small; white-space: pre; word-spacing: normal;">eff</span></div>
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> is depicted by the blue solid-dashed curve, and the nutation is shown by the red curve.</span></span></td></tr>
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-66082009140190892802017-07-21T16:12:00.001+02:002017-07-21T16:44:28.984+02:00Magnetic Möbius stripeMagnetic Möbius stripe without frustration: Noncollinear metastable states.<br />
<i>S. Castillo-Sepúlveda, R. A. Escobar, D. Altbir, M. Krizanac, and E. Y. Vedmedenko</i><br />
<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024426">Phys. Rev. B 96, 024426 (2017)</a><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024426/figures/9/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="448" data-original-width="500" height="285" src="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024426/figures/9/medium" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Equilibrium MC configuration of a chain consisting of 100 moments for <span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-34-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-243" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-244" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-245" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-246" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">D</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-247" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.07em; white-space: pre;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mn MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-248" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">1</span></span></span><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-249" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; margin-top: -0.197em; padding-bottom: 0.537em; white-space: pre;">,</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space1" id="MJXc-Node-250" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.167em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; margin-top: -0.264em; padding-bottom: 0.337em; white-space: pre;"> </span></span><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-251" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-252" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-right: 0.04em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">K</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-253" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.07em; white-space: pre;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mn MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-254" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">0.4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> meV, </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-35-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-255" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-256" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-257" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-258" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-right: 0.078em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">J</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-259" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.07em; white-space: pre;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-260" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.404em; padding-top: 0.27em; white-space: pre;">−</span></span><span class="mjx-mn" id="MJXc-Node-261" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">40</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> meV: (a) closed KB configuration and (b) the same shown with open ends for clarity.</span></span></td></tr>
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7294088984018733147.post-49261397349403611162017-07-18T18:11:00.000+02:002017-07-18T18:20:44.662+02:00Vortices in ferromagnetic nanotubesImaging magnetic vortex configurations in ferromagnetic nanotubes.<i><br />M. Wyss, A. Mehlin, B. Gross, A. Buchter, A. Farhan, M. Buzzi, A. Kleibert, G. Tütüncüoglu, F. Heimbach, A. Fontcuberta i Morral, D. Grundler, and M. Poggio</i><br />
<a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024423">Phys. Rev. B 96, 024423 (2017)</a><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024423/figures/2/medium" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="456" data-original-width="500" height="291" src="https://journals.aps.org/prb/article/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.024423/figures/2/medium" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">XMCD-PEEM images of a 6.9-<span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-16" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-17" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-18" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-19" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">μ</span></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-20" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.137em; white-space: pre;">m</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">-long Py NT with (a) </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-21" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-22" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-23" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mover" id="MJXc-Node-24" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.213em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.011em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-26" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-25" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-27" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">⊥</span></span><span class="mjx-mover MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-28" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.243em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.022em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-30" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-size1-R, MJXc-TeX-size1-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.537em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-29" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> and (b) </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-31" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-32" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-33" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mover" id="MJXc-Node-34" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.213em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.011em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-36" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-35" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-37" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.604em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">∥</span></span><span class="mjx-mover MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-38" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.243em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.022em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-40" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-size1-R, MJXc-TeX-size1-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.537em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-39" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> and of a 7.2-</span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-7-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-41" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-42" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-43" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-44" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">μ</span></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-45" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.137em; white-space: pre;">m</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">-long CoFeB NT with (c) </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-8-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-46" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-47" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-48" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mover" id="MJXc-Node-49" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.213em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.011em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-51" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-50" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-52" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">⊥</span></span><span class="mjx-mover MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-53" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.243em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.022em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-55" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-size1-R, MJXc-TeX-size1-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.537em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-54" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> and (d) </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-9-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-56" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-57" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-58" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mover" id="MJXc-Node-59" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.213em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.011em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-61" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-60" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">k</span></span></span></span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-62" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.604em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">∥</span></span><span class="mjx-mover MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-63" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.243em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.022em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-65" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-size1-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-size1-R, MJXc-TeX-size1-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.537em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-64" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">n</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">. Dashed outlines indicate the positions of the NTs. Panels (e–h) represent 2-</span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-10-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-66" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-67" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-68" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-69" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">μ</span></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-70" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.137em; white-space: pre;">m</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">-long </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-11-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-71" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-72" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-msub" id="MJXc-Node-73" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-base" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-right: -0.064em;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-74" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-right: 0.064em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">I</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sub" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-right: 0.071em; vertical-align: -0.325em;"><span class="mjx-mtext" id="MJXc-Node-75" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; padding-bottom: 0.204em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;"><span class="mjx-charbox MJXc-font-inherit" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-bottom: 0.343em; width: 2.957em;">XMCD</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">linecuts along the corresponding colored dashed lines in (a–d). In the linecuts, the background intensity is indicated by the level of the horizontal dashed lines and vertical dashed lines delineate the boundaries of the NT. Panels (i) and (j) show simulated remnant magnetic states for a NT with </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-12-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-76" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-77" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-78" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-79" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">l</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-80" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.07em; white-space: pre;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mn MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-81" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">2.1</span></span><span class="mjx-mspace" id="MJXc-Node-82" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; height: 0px; width: 0.4em;"></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-83" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">μ</span></span><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-84" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.137em; white-space: pre;">m</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> and </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-13-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-85" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-86" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-87" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-88" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.27em; padding-right: 0.003em; padding-top: 0.471em; white-space: pre;">d</span></span><span class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-89" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.07em; white-space: pre;">=</span></span><span class="mjx-mn MJXc-space3" id="MJXc-Node-90" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; margin-left: 0.278em;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">245</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"> nm. Both configurations are mixed states with an axial central domain and vortex ends of either (i) opposing circulation—consistent with (a) and (b)—or (j) matching circulation—consistent with (c) and (d). The color scale corresponds to normalized magnetization along </span><span class="aps-inline-formula" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;"><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" id="MathJax-Element-14-Frame" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: inline-table; float: none; line-height: 0; margin: 0px; max-height: none; max-width: none; min-height: 0px; min-width: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; white-space: nowrap; word-spacing: normal; word-wrap: normal;" tabindex="0"><span class="mjx-math" id="MJXc-Node-91" style="border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mrow" id="MJXc-Node-92" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-mover" id="MJXc-Node-93" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-stack" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-over" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; height: 0.213em; padding-bottom: 0.06em; padding-left: 0.083em;"><span class="mjx-mo" id="MJXc-Node-95" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block; padding-left: 0px !important; padding-right: 0px !important; vertical-align: top;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-main-R, MJXc-TeX-main-Rw; padding-bottom: 0.337em; padding-top: 0.404em; white-space: pre;">ˆ</span></span></span><span class="mjx-op" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block;"><span class="mjx-mi" id="MJXc-Node-94" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: inline-block;"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I" style="box-sizing: content-box !important; display: block; font-family: MJXc-TeX-math-I, MJXc-TeX-math-Ix, MJXc-TeX-math-Iw; padding-bottom: 0.471em; padding-right: 0.006em; padding-top: 0.204em; white-space: pre;">y</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: left;">. Arrowheads indicate the local magnetization direction.</span></span></td></tr>
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<br />Oscar Iglesiashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06396907548863326926noreply@blogger.com0