Protein corona in NPs

Hardening of the Nanoparticle–Protein Corona in Metal (Au, Ag) and Oxide (Fe 3 O 4 , CoO, and CeO 2 ) Nanoparticles.
Eudald Casals , Tobias Pfaller , Albert Duschl , Gertie J. Oostingh ,and Víctor F. Puntes
Small 7, 3479 (2011)

NP–protein interactions. The process of conjugation of the NP when inserted in biological media takes few minutes in the working conditions (I), which evolves to a NP coated with protein in equilibrium with the proteins in the medium (II), then later evolves towards an irreversible protein corona with proteins that are no longer in equilibrium with
their in-solution counterparts (III).