Logic operations using vortex networks

Logic Operations Based on Magnetic-Vortex-State Networks.
Hyunsung Jung, Youn-Seok Choi, Ki-Suk Lee, Dong-Soo Han, Young-Sang Yu, Mi-Young Im,
Peter Fischer, and Sang-Koog Kim
Nano Letters 6, 3712 (2012)

Experimental setup for the direct demonstration of XOR logic operation using the indicated vortex-state network
and full-field soft X-ray microscopy. Schematic layout of soft X-ray measurement setup for direct readout of output signals in disk 2, showing the sample (chain of three vortex-state Py disks) with electrodes on both end disks for application of input signals. Equal diameter 2R = 2.4 μm, thickness L = 50 nm, and center-to-center distance dint = 2.46 μm are used for the experimental sample. The right inset shows the initial ground vortex states measured by the microscope through XMCD
contrast (the same as those shown in Figure 1). Sinusoidal oscillating magnetic fields of 4.5 Oe amplitude and 160 MHz
frequency are applied to disk 1 and/or disk 3.