Magnetization reversal of an individual exchange-biased permalloy nanotube

Magnetization reversal of an individual exchange-biased permalloy nanotube.

A. Buchter, R. Wölbing, M. Wyss, O. F. Kieler, T. Weimann, J. Kohlmann, A. B. Zorin, D. Rüffer, F. Matteini, G. Tütüncüoglu, F. Heimbach, A. Kleibert, A. Fontcuberta i Morral, D. Grundler, R. Kleiner, D. Koelle, and M. Poggio

Phys. Rev. B 92, 214432 (2015)

Training effect: (a) SQUID and (b) DCM hysteresis loops for different loop number n at T=3.4 K. Red and blue curves indicate up- and down-sweep, respectively. Evolution of (c) exchange field and (d) coercivity with increasing loop number n extracted from SQUID data set. Dashed line fits the data according to Eq. (2). Point size corresponds to the measurement error in field